National Library Day - 14th November
National Librarian's Day - 12th August
National Library Week - 14th-20th November
National Reading Day - 19th June
National Reading Month - 19th June 18th July
World Book & Copyright Day - 23rd April
International Literacy Day - 8th September
Book lovers day - 9th August
NISCAIR, New Delhi, was established on 30th September 2002 after the merger of NISCOM and INSDOC, both dedicated to the dissemination and documentation of S&T information. They were part of CSIR.
INSDOC, established in 1952, provided S&T information and documentation services, including abstracting, database development, translation, and human resource development. It hosted the National Science Library and the SAARC Documentation Centre. NISCOM, formerly PID, emerged in 1996, offering various information products, such as research and popular science journals, encyclopaedic publications, and books, catering to diverse audiences.
NISCAIR, a premier institute of CSIR, utilizes modern IT infrastructure to serve society. Its focus areas include knowledge networking, natural resource databases, science communication, popularization, and S&T information management. Activities are categorized as Information Products and Services, Information Resources, and Projects.
Mission: NISCAIR's mission: Custodian of knowledge, promoting science communication using appropriate tech.
The first issue of INB “Quarterly” brought out but central Reference Library, Calcutta, was released on 15th august 1958 by Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru.
Since 1964, it has been published as monthly and cumulated every year. It works as a subordinate office of the ministry of culture GoI.
“B.S. Kesavan is called as Father of INB”
(First Librarian after Independent)
“INB comes under secondary sources”
Computerized INB Brought out in June 2000 using Libsys Software and GIST Technology
The Information and Library Network (INFLIBNET) - 1991
UGC was launched in May 1991.located in Infocity, Ahmedabad, Gujarat.
Library Network(DELNET)- 1988
Old name : The Delhi Library Network
Established in 1988.
NISSAT took the initiative in setting up DELNET.
DELNET also provides CAS and SDI services, consultancy in library computerization, training and H.R.D.
The Biotechnology Information System (BTIS- NET) -1987
establish in 1987
India was the first country in the world to establish in 1987 a Biotechnology Information System (BTIS) network to create an infrastructure that enables it to harness biotechnology through the application of Bioinformatics. The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) has taken up this infrastructure development project and created a distributed network at a very low cost.
The Scientific and Industrial Research Network (SIRNET)-
automation of libraries,
develop standards;
creates union catalogues of serials, theses, books, monographs and non-book materials;
provide access to bibliographic information resources;
creates database of projects, institutions, specialists;
organizes training programmes, etc.
FORSA's objectives and activities: The Indian Digital Library in Engineering Science and Technology (INDEST) was established by the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Government of India to give all Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs), Indian Institute of Science (IISc), and other institutions, such as NITs, ISM, IIMs, NITTTRs, etc. access to electronic resources.
Indian Digital Library in Engineering Science and Technology
(INDEST) headquarter is at IIT Delhi.
The National Knowledge Resource Consortium : (NKRC) was established in 2009. It is a network of libraries and information centres of 39 National Laboratories and institutes of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research and 24 institutes of the Department of Science and Technology.
Education and library are the two faces of the same coin. One cannot exist without the other. Hence, an academic library is an integral part of any institution of formal education. It supports the teaching-learning process of the institution it is associated with. Academic library can be defined as "a library which is associated or attached with any educational institution to support its educational programmes".
The library collection is developed
depending upon the nature of the institution and its academic programmes. The
students, teachers, research scholars, administrative staff and other staff
members of the institution are the users of the academic library. The needs of
these users dominate the collection of an academic library. The number, qualities
and qualifications of the library staff of an academic library differ on the
basis of the type of academic library, its users and the services, it provides.
Objectives of Academic Library
The objectives of an, academic library
are to:
(i) serve the needs of the academic community;
(ii) collect and store all kinds of reading and reference material;
(iii) provide all kinds of
informational materials to support the curricular requirements of the
institution;
(iv) provide supporting materials for extra
curricular activities;
(v) provide reading rooms for users;
(vi) render lending service appropriate to students, teachers and researchers
(vii) provide an active reference and information service.
Types of Academic Library
Broadly, there are three types of
academic libraries. These are:
The school library is a library
attached to or associated with a school to support the education system of the
school. It caters to all the informational needs of the students, teachers and
staff of the school. In India, there are four levels of school: primary,
middle, secondary and senior secondary. The government and the agencies
responsible for developing and supporting school education in India, have a
policy that the school of all levels should be supported by a school library.
Because of this, even primary schools are being supported by a library to serve
the needs of its students, teachers and other staff members.
Objectives of School Library
The objectives of a school library are
to:
(i) support the education programmes of the school;
(ii) awaken and foster interest in reading books and create reading habits among students;
(iii) nurture good moral values and
principles in students to create refined and responsible citizens;
(iv) develop self-learning skills and
interest in using library for solving problems;
(v) provide information on further
study and vocation;
(vi) help teachers to improve their
teaching skills;
(vii) inculcate communication skills
through extra curricular activities like story telling, viewing and discussions
on audio-visual programmes, workshops, etc.
Functions of School Library
(i) Lending of books and other
materials;
(ii) Reading rooms with suitable
furniture and lighting;
(iii) Reference services;
(iv) Guidance, counselling and advisory services.
College Library
The library associated with college
caters to the informational needs of the college community- students, teachers,
staff of the college and alumnus. The library help in the expansion of
knowledge and satisfies the quest for knowledge.
(i) Junior college;
(ii) Degree college;
(iii) Postgraduate college;
(iv) Professional college and technical college.
Objectives of College Library
The objectives of the college library, of all categories of colleges, are to:
(ii) help in all the educational programmes of the college;
(iii) provide guidance to students for higher studies and self-learning; (iv) prepare the students for shouldering higher responsibilities in government departments, civic organizations, commercial establishments, business and industries, etc;
(v) prepare them for varied professions
like law, medicine, engineering, technology, etc;
(vi) train them to become more
enlightened, knowledgeable and responsible citizens; and
(vii) keep informed the teachers with
latest updates in their respective subject area.
Functions of College Library
The functions of a college library can be listed as:
(i) developing collection of textbooks, related books, books of general knowledge, reference materials and audio-visual materials to support educational and instructional programmes of the college;
(ii) procuring popular magazines,
newspapers and scholarly journals to support students and teachers in acquiring
deeper knowledge their subject area and general knowledge about their
surroundings;
(iii) making the library resources
accessible through proper classification, cataloguing and shelving;
(iv) providing physical facilities such as functional building, furniture, equipment, reading rooms, etc. ;
(v) preserving previous years' question papers to help the students in preparing for examinations and assessments;
(vi) developing collection of inspiratory materials like fiction, poetry, biographies, travel-books, etc.
(vii) organizing orientation programmes
for new students to make them aware of the facilities and resources available
in the library.
University Library
The university library is an integral part of a university. The academic programmes of a university covers a wide range of disciplines and subjects. The modern universities are offering a number of academic programmes which are multi-disciplinary in nature. Apart from the academic programmes, scholars of the universities undertake research projects for acquiring degrees such as PHd, DLit, etc., as well as for the discovery and invention of new theories, principles and technology for the sake of society or for solving the problems of the society. Hence, a library becomes an essential component of the university to support its academic and research activities.
Because of the responsibilities a
university library shoulders, it is considered the heart of a university,
around which teaching and research revolves. According to the Association of
University Teachers, "the prime function of the university library is to
provide facilities for study and research for the members of its own
institution".
Objectives of a University Library
The objectives of a university library are to:
(i) provide facilities for all teaching, learning, educational, and research
programmes of the university;
(ii) satisfy informational needs of the students, teachers and researchers of
the university;
(iii) inspire the teachers and researchers of the university to undertake
research works for generating new knowledge to improve the quality of life of
the people;
(iv) provide latest knowledge to the teachers in their area of teaching and
research; and
(v) conserve knowledge and ideas for posterity.
Functions of a University Library
The major functions of the university library to fulfil its objectives are to:
(i) develop collections on a wide range of subjects for learning, teaching,
research, publication, etc.;
(ii) organize and store the library collection with proper classification,
cataloguing, shelving, etc to make the collection easily accessible to the
users;
(iii) acquire materials such as books, journals, periodicals, newspapers, and
others sources of information to provide latest information and knowledge on
the concerned subjects;
(iv) provide reference, information and documentation services to the
university community to keep them up-to-date in their area of study and
research;
(v) keep pace with the development in the library management system and
application of new technologies to provide better library services to the
users.
For a larger collection, more elaborate cataloguing rules are required. Users do not want to examine hundreds of catalogue entries or dozens of library items to find a single library holding. Currently, most cataloging rules are similar to, or even based on, the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD), a set of rules produced by the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) to describe a wide range of library materials. IFLA's ISBD Review Group is responsible for maintaining the ISBD. It helps to create a bibliographic description in a standard, human-readable form, especially for use in a bibliography or a library catalogue. The chief purpose of the ISBD is to provide a standard form of bibliographic description that could be used to exchange records internationally. These rules organise the bibliographic description of an item in the
following areas:
1) Title and statement of responsibility (author or editor)
2) Edition
3) Material specific details (for example, the scale of a map)
4)
5) Physical description (for example, number of pages)
6) Series
7) Notes, and
8) Standard Number (ISBN)
Each book, while, being enlisted in the catalogue has to be described individually. This
description is called a record of the document. An entry is a single record of a document.
Entries are prepared by different cataloguing Rules/Methods/Codes. Two methods used
by most of the libraries in the world are:
AACR-2
MARC 21
The most commonly used set of cataloguing rules in the English speaking world are the
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, 2nd Edition, or AACR-2 for short.
Note: ISBD (s) Estd. 1974.
ISBD: International Standard Bibliographic Discription. Developed in 1969 -by IFLA.
ISBD 1st ed. - ISBD(M) M- monographic - Appeared: 1971, Published in 1974.
ISBD (CR): CR - Continuing Resources (2002)
ISBD (PM): PM: Printed Music - 1980.
ISBD (G) : G: General- 1977. It's a foundation of AACR-II.
ISBD (NBM) : NBM: Non Book Meterial - 1977
SLA : Special Libraries Association
SLA [Special Libraries Association] was founded in 1909 in the United States by a Group of Librarians Working, Led by John cotton Dana, Who Served as the First President of SLA from 1909 to 1911. It is Headquartered in Mclean, Virginia [ Washington ] USA.
Tagline of SLA :
“ Connecting People and information “
OR
“ Connecting Information Professional ”
Slogan / Motto of SLA :
"Putting Knowledge to work" was the first Slogan of SLA after its inception in 1909.
Publications :
SLA Publishes "Information Outlook" [Formerly Special Libraries], a Bimonthly Online Professional / Trade Magazine Since 1997.
Award :
John Cotton Dana Award [1979] for A Lifetime of achievement as well as Exceptional Service to Special Librarianship.
The John Cotton Dana Award is SLA's Highest honour.
Dr. Ranganathan revolutionized classification in the early 20th century by proposing a dynamic and nuanced system, which could easily adapt to new subjects and incorporate more details and sub categories. One of his ideas was the Alien-Penumbral-Umbral-Penumbral-Alien, or APUPA system/pattern. It classifies material, based upon, how closely they relate to a specific topic. He created the APUPA pattern as a method of classifying books and documents based on their relevance to the searcher.
As per this method, documents are classified into three categories, that is, Alien, Penumbral and Umbral. Here, an Umbral document implies a relevant document, which is of main interest to the members of a library. A Penumbral document is meant for the marginal interests of the readers. This type is partially relevant and in some way or the other related to an Umbral document. An Alien document is non- relevant and thus, not required by the
reader. So, we can recognize the pattern which indicates that every helpful sequence of
book is Alien- Penumbral- Umbral- Penumbral- Alien, i.e., the APUPA arrangement.
The APUPA pattern, thus, arranges the most relevant documents at the center, documents
of marginal relevance on both sides of the relevant document and the totally disconnected
documents are far from the center. This is the best way to maintain filiatory sequence. The
filiatory sequence implies the placement of all the entities of a field of knowledge in a
definite sequence, in one line, according to the degree of their mutual affinities. A helpful
sequence therefore, is said to be the one which follows the APUPA pattern. APUPA
patterns are dynamic. Any book or other resource within a classification scheme can be an
Umbral source and any resource can also be Penumbral or Alien, depending upon the
subject.
As mentioned above, this sequence puts the most relevant records in the centre. The records
which are connected with it are placed before and after it; and those which are totally
disconnected are put at a distance from the Umbral. It is this kind of an APUPA
arrangement, which gives the reader great satisfaction. If it manages to do so, then it is said
to be in full conformity with all the Five Laws of Library Science.
Example: If a user is seeking a book on 'growing oranges', that book is the Umbral source. Books about 'packing and transporting oranges'; a related topic but not exactly the same are Penumbral sources. Books about setting up industry for bottling orange juice would be Alien, or unrelated sources.
Before : 1st january 2007, 10 Digits and 4 Parts
From: 1st january 2007, 13 Digits and 5 Parts
1st Part: EAN ( European Article No.) - 3 Digits
2nd Part: Group - 2
3rd Part: Publisher - 4
4th Part: Title - 3
5th Part : Check Digit - 1
ISBN Assigning Agency:
In United States - RR Bowker
In United Kingdom - Nielsen Book Services
In India - Rajaram Mohan Roy National Agency ( Since 1985)
Rajaram Mohan Roy National Agency Office at New Delhi since 2011.
First office in kolkata,
International ISBN agency, appointed by ISO which is Located in London ( United Kingdom)
The 10 Digit ISBN format was developed by the International organisation of Standardization (ISO) and was approved and Published in 1970 as the First Edition of international Standard ISO 2108. Subsequently, the Second and Third Editions of the standard came out in 1978 and 1992 respectively.
Library Acts in Indian States:19 Indian States and one Union Territory (Total 20 States) Have enacted Public Libraries act.
S.No | State | Year | Library Cess |
1 | Tamila nadu( madras) | 1948 | 10% on property tax |
2 | Andhra pradesh | 1960 | 8% house tax and property tax |
3 | karnataka | 1965 | 6% of the lands revenue |
4 | Maharashtra | 1967 | No Library cess |
5 | West bengal | 1979 | No Library cess |
6 | manipur | 1988 | No Library cess |
7 | Kerala | 1989 | 5% Surcharge on House Tax and Property Tax |
8 | haryana | 1989 | surcharge on House Tax and Property Tax as Decided by The Government from time to time. |
9 | Mizoram | 1993 | no library Cess |
10 | Goa | 1993 | Surcharge on IFML @ .50 rupee/liter |
11 | gujarat | 2001 | no library Cess |
12 | Odisha | 2001 | no library Cess |
13 | uttarakhand | 2005 | no library Cess |
14 | Rajasthan | 2006 | no library Cess |
15 | Uttar pradesh | 2006 | no library Cess |
16 | lakshadweep | 2007 | no library Cess |
17 | Bihar | 2008 | no library Cess |
18 | Chattisgarh | 2008 | no library Cess |
19 | Arunachal pradesh | 2009 | no library Cess |
20 | Telangana | 2015 | 8% on property tax |